Understanding Hernias in Children: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

Hernias in children are more common than most people realize. So, it’s important for parents to understand what a hernia is, the signs to watch out for, and the available treatment options.

Whether dealing with a suspected hernia or looking for information, this guide will walk you through the essentials.

What Is a Hernia in Children?

A hernia occurs when part of an organ or tissue pushes through a small hole  in the surrounding muscles or tissue wall. In children, the most common type is an inguinal hernia, which occurs in the groin area. Umbilical hernias, which appear around the belly button, are also common in infants.

The good news is that pediatric hernias are treatable. However, if left untreated, they can cause complications, such as incarceration or strangulation of the tissue, which can be dangerous. 

Types of Hernias in Children

There are a few different types of hernias that children may develop. Understanding them can help you recognize what’s happening and decide on the best treatment option.

• Inguinal hernia: This type happens when a portion of the intestine pushes through a hole in the abdominal wall, usually near the groin. It’s the most common type of hernia in children.
• Umbilical hernia: This occurs near the belly button and is often seen in infants. The bulge becomes more pronounced when the baby cries or strains.
• Hiatal hernia: This type of hernia is less common in children. It involves part of the stomach pushing through a hole in the diaphragm into the chest cavity.

Common Causes of Hernias in Children

Hernias in children are often congenital, meaning they are present at birth. Some of the main causes include:

• Premature birth: Babies born prematurely are at higher risk of developing hernias due to weaker abdominal walls.
• Family history: A family history of hernias can increase the likelihood of your child developing one.

Recognizing Childhood Hernia Symptoms

Hernias in children can be tricky to spot, especially in infants who can’t communicate discomfort directly. As a parent, learning to recognize the symptoms is vital. Common signs of a hernia include:

• A visible bulge: The most noticeable sign is a bulge in the groin or abdomen, especially when your child is crying or straining.
• Discomfort or pain: Some children may experience mild discomfort, while others might show irritation. If the hernia becomes trapped or strangulated, it can cause severe pain.
• Vomiting or swollen belly: These are more serious signs, indicating a possible complication, such as a strangulated hernia, which requires immediate medical attention.

How Are Pediatric Hernias Treated?

Once a hernia is diagnosed, surgery is typically the recommended treatment. While this might sound concerning, hernia repair is a common and routine procedure with a very high success rate. 

Pediatric Hernia Treatment Options

Here’s what you can expect to undergo if your child has a hernia.

1. Consultation and diagnosis: Your child’s doctor will confirm the hernia through a physical exam or and possibly an imaging test, such as an ultrasound.
2. Surgical repair: Hernia repair surgery is the most common solution. It’s a straightforward procedure where the surgeon pushes the protruding tissue back into place and closes the hole in the muscle wall.
3. Recovery: Most children recover quickly after surgery, often going home the same day. You’ll receive detailed instructions on caring for your child post-surgery to ensure a smooth recovery.

Common Questions Parents Have About Hernia Surgery

It’s normal to have concerns about your child undergoing surgery. Here are answers to some frequently asked questions to ease your mind:

• Is hernia surgery safe? Yes, hernia repair surgery is considered very safe, especially when performed by an experienced pediatric surgeon. The risks are minimal, and the outcomes are overwhelmingly positive.
• How long does recovery take? Most children can return to their normal activities within a few days for younger children and up to  two weeks for teenagers, depending on the specific case.
• Will my child have scars? The incision for a hernia repair is small and usually heals well, leaving minimal scarring.

Helping Your Child Recover After Surgery

After hernia surgery, it’s natural to want your child to resume their routine quickly. The good news is that most children bounce back within a few days.

Here are a few tips for post-surgery care:

• Keep an eye on the incision site and follow your doctor’s instructions on cleaning and dressing changes.
• Limit physical activity for the first week or so to avoid putting pressure on the surgical area. Follow your surgeon’s specific recommendations for post-surgical care.
• Make sure your child gets plenty of rest and stays hydrated.

When to Contact a Pediatric Specialist

If your child shows signs of a hernia, it’s essential to seek medical advice. Early intervention can prevent complications and ensure that your child receives proper care.

Pacific Coast Pediatric Surgery is here to support your family with the highest level of pediatric surgical care. We specialize in safe, effective pediatric hernia treatment, ensuring your child’s comfort and care throughout the process.